The Command comprises military, intelligence, and information technology capabilities. Its mission is to direct, synchronize, and coordinate cyberspace planning and operations to defend and advance national interests in collaboration with domestic and international partners.
The Information Age and its technologies had changed the way the world functioned, creating global networks and allowing adversaries to access strategic centers of national power.
DoD depended upon digital information systems to command and control its forces, and recognized the need to protect and defend these vital systems. Recognition of the necessity for comprehensive computer security and defense began as early as , with military and intelligence efforts to reduce vulnerabilities and protect information systems.
Hacking, cyberespionage attempts, equipment malfunctions — and even movies — in the s and s illustrated the need for computer security. By , DoD leaders publicly acknowledged that U. The Army leads the Defense Department in cyber education and developing cyber training environments and ranges.
Partnerships The Army will not win the fight alone. Cyberspace threats grow and change exponentially, and standard acquisition and equipping processes will not meet current demands.
Useful Links. Army links. Army website Army Cyber on U. Department of Defense U. DOD Cyber Strategy. Join the Army Cyber Team. Imposing cost implies inflicting noticeable damage to a target in a manner that would typically be considered too noisy, risky, or noticeable in signals intelligence operations. When conducting offensive cyberspace operations, there are essentially two ways to acquire access to a target system: using credentials to masquerade as a legitimate user, and using a vulnerability to exploit a system.
In a masquerade, an attacker uses valid credentials, such as a username and password, to log in to the target system as an authorized user. Conversely, an exploit relies on the existence of a technical vulnerability that allows an attacker to gain unauthorized access to a system. Exploitation relies on a system functioning incorrectly, and is significantly more likely to produce alerts that can expose an attack.
To assess the risk associated with these types of operations, Cyber Command solicits approval from an array of staffs and reviewers. In part because Cyber Command has relied heavily on NSA training, support, and experience to establish these processes, exploitation operations — which by nature carry a greater risk of detection — are subject to increased standards of scrutiny. Likewise, operations that produce a noticeable effect, such as a denial-of-service attack, are typically viewed with aversion.
In reality, the operations approval structure of Cyber Command is set up to prioritize the security of operations above all else, and is extremely risk-averse. However, as long as it relies on NSA tradecraft and expertise Cyber Command will continue to use a paradoxical operations process that is fundamentally opposed to the exact type of mission it is charged with conducting.
The review process for a Cyber Command operation also requires an equities review by a multitude of government, intelligence, and military stakeholders. The idea is that all relevant parties have an opportunity to address potential concerns with a proposed offensive cyberspace operation.
While one of the principal original concerns with the dual hat arrangement was the potential for unfair prioritization of Cyber Command support requests to the NSA, the equities review process has instead created the opposite problem.
The responsibility of balancing the prioritization of the distinct missions of two different organizations should not be delegated to a single individual. Cyber Command Cyber Protection Read More. Paul M. Nakasone, U. Meade, Md. Cyber Command Completes Successful Sum Cyber Command has created Army General Paul M. The theme for the Cyber Threat Intelligence Integration Center.
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